¹Ludiro Madu, ²Aryanta Nugraha

¹Department of International Relations, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Indonesia

²Department of International Relations, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Indonesia

DOI : https://doi.org/10.58806/ijsshmr.2026.v5i4n01

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ABSTRACT

Recent digital platforms have also changed the nature of citizen interaction within foreign policy, particularly as it concerns the Israel-Palestine conflict. This paper explores this debate in the case of online advocacy in Indonesia, highlighting the process of networked boycott diplomacy." In so doing, the state maintains its ceremonial posture in diplomatic forums, whilst a distributed, non-hierarchical network of state, semi-state, and non-state actors leverages social media to advance massive socio-economic boycotts to geo-economic effect. This research employs a qualitative netnographic approach through two datasets of Twitter (X) discourse spanning from January to December 2024. This study fills three important research gaps that stem from the existing literature: the absence of exhaustive mapping of multi-actor engagement in boycott movements; the insufficient theorization of the impact of decentralized digital networks on foreign policy at the level of the nation-state; and the lack of theoretical approaches that conceptualize the hybrid nature of socio-economic boycotts as tools of diplomacy. The results of our analysis demonstrate that the Indonesian digital boycott movement takes shape as a collaborative network of multiple actors, comprising organized interests (e.g., religious institutions, such as the Indonesian Ulema Council [MUI], and journalistic media) and ordinary citizens. Such decentralized connective action is a powerful enabler to mediate between state-centric diplomacy and collective public sentiment. Additionally, the socio-economic ramifications of such boycotts constitute a legitimate form of digital activism that serves as a hybrid diplomatic tool. This paper conceptualizes networked boycott diplomacy," creating a new framework that moves beyond existing paradigmatic notions of public diplomacy to illustrate how the domestic processes of digital mobilization become constitutive of international diplomatic petitions and formations.

KEYWORDS:

Networked Boycott Diplomacy, Digital Advocacy, Boycott Movement, Indonesian Foreign Policy, Multi-Actor Collaboration.

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Cite this Article:Madu, L., & Nugraha, A. (2026). Networked Boycott Diplomacy: Mapping Multi-Actor Collaboration in Indonesia's Digital Foreign Policy Advocacy Against Israel. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE HUMANITY & MANAGEMENT RESEARCHS, 5(4), 581-587. https://doi.org/10.58806/ijsshmr.2026.v5i4n01

VOlUME 05 ISSUE 04 April 2026