VOlUME 05 ISSUE 03 March 2026
1Chung Chung Han, 2Chi-Hsin Wu
1Department of Labor Relations, National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan
2Department of Labor Relations, National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan
DOI : https://doi.org/10.58806/ijsshmr.2026.v5i3n06Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the impact of the right to disconnect on job stress and satisfaction among part-time research assistants in Taiwan. As digital devices increasingly intrude on personal time, employees experience physical and mental erosion due to persistent work pressure. Implementing the right to disconnect is a crucial policy tool for protecting mental health and promoting work-life balance. Research indicates that short periods of voluntary disconnection yield significant benefits for both physical and mental health. Conversely, constant work connections across office and home environments exacerbate occupational strain. Analysis of company-level policies demonstrates that formalizing these rights is associated with markedly higher job satisfaction and can effectively mitigate the intention to leave. By examining the unique dual status of student assistants, this paper identifies blurred boundaries between academic growth and labor tasks as primary stressors. The research proposes a three-tier time model—working, on-call, and private—to clarify these boundaries. This structured approach ensures that assistants can effectively recharge, thereby reducing burnout and fostering a more sustainable academic research environment.
KEYWORDS:Right to Disconnect, Part-time Project Assistants, Job Stress, Job Satisfaction, Labor Rights
REFERENCES
1) Adams, J.S.(1963) Toward an Understanding of Inequity. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, 422-436.
2) Bhui, K.S., Dinos, S., Stansfeld, S.A., & White, P.D. (2012). A Synthesis of the Evidence for Managing Stress at Work: A Review of the Reviews Reporting on Anxiety, Depression, and Absenteeism. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2012.
3) Blau, P. (2017). Exchange and power in social life. Routledge.
4) Cheng, C.-Y., & Xu, K.-G. (2017). A preliminary exploration of the impacts of the new economy and emerging technologies on labor–management relations. Taiwan Labour Quarterly, (52), 58–65. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20170803002-201712-201801080020-201801080020-58-65
5) Chiaburu, D.S., & Harrison, D.A. (2008). Do Peers Make the Place? Conceptual Synthesis and Meta-Analysis of Coworker Effects on Perceptions, Attitudes, OCBs, and Performance. Texas A&M University Mays Business School Research Paper Series.
6) Churchill, G. A., Ford, N. M., & Walker, O. C. (1974). Measuring the job satisfaction of industrial salesmen. Journal of Marketing Research, 11(3), 254 260.
7) European Parliament(2021)。European Parliament resolution of 21 January 2021 with recommendations to the Commission on the right to disconnect (2019/2181(INL))。取自https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2021-0021_EN.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com
8) Gan, L.-S. (2021). A chemical accident case: The death of a research assistant. Chemistry, 79(2), 191–193. https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.202106_79(2).002
9) Ganster, D.C., & Fusilier, M. (1989). Control in the workplace.
10) Geoge,M.S.(2016).Stress in NHS staff triggers defensive inward-focussing and an associated loss of connection with colleagues: this is reversed by Schwartz Rounds. J of Compassionate Health Care 3, 9 .
11) Heaphy, E.D., & Dutton, J.E. (2006). Positive Social Interactions and the Human Body at Work: Linking Organizations and Physiology. Health Economics.
12) Herzberg, F. (2017). Motivation to work. Routledge.
13) Hobfoll, S. E., & Lilly, R.S. (1993). Resource conservation as a strategy for community psychology. Journal of Community Psychology, 21(2), 128-148.
14) Hoppock, R. (1935). Job satisfaction. John Wiley & Sons.
15) Kang, S. W., & Kang, S. D. (2016). High-commitment human resource management and job stress: Supervisor support as a moderator. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 44(10), 1719-1731.
16) Karasek, R.A., & Demands, J. (1979). Job decision latitude and mental strain: Implications for job redesign.
17) Lazarus, R. S. (1966). Psychological stress and the coping process.
18) Lu, L. (1997). The process of job stress: A dialogue between theory and research. Chinese Journal of Mental Health (Taiwan), 10, 19–51.
19) Lin, K.-T. (2016). A preliminary study on labor rights issues of student part-time assistants in higher education institutions in Taiwan. In Taiwan Labor and Employment Relations Association (Ed.), Proceedings of the Conference on Labor and Employment Relations (pp. 257–269). Taiwan Labor and Employment Relations Association. https://doi.org/10.6673/TWLERSP.201612.0021
20) Lin, L.-R. (2016). Controversies over the “worker” status of university students employed as on-campus assistants and related social security rights: Focusing on educational labor policies for student assistants in Japan and their transformation. Bulletin of Labor Research, (29), 59–99. https://doi.org/10.30388/BLR.201602_(29).0002
21) Liu, H.-L.-J. (2016). Challenges posed by digital technologies to the world of work: A case study of working-time regulation in France. Journal of Labor Relations, 18(1), 62–78. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=10237305-201606-201607010018-201607010018-62-78
22) Liu, X.-F., & Lin, Y.-X. (2013). Faculty–student relationships in university R&D activities: Perspectives of graduate research assistants. Journal of Educational Research and Development, 9(2), 175–204. https://doi.org/10.3966/181665042013060902007
23) Locke, E. A. (1969). What is job satisfaction? Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 4(4), 309–336.
24) Maslow, A. H.(1954). Motivation and Personality. Harper & Row.
25) Mayerl, H., Stolz, E., Waxenegger, A., Rásky, É., and Freidl, W. (2016). The role of personal and job resources in the relationship between psychoSoc. job demands, mental strain, and health problems. Front. Psychol. 7, 1214
26) Meijman, T .F. and Mulder, G. (1998). Psychological aspects of workload. In Drenth, P.J. D., & Thierry, H., Eds., Handbook of Work and Organizational Psychology,Hove: Psychology Press, 5-33.
27) Neupane, S., and Nygard, C. H. (2017). Physical and mental strain at work: relationships with onset and persistent of multi-site pain in a four-year follow up. Int. J. Indus. Ergon. 60, 47–52.
28) Park, J. R., Feng, Y. T., & Li, G. (2018). A Study on the Direct and Indirect Effects of Job Autonomy on Psychological Stress. Indian Journal of Public Health, 9(9).
29) Qin, B.-J. (2023). A study on workers’ right to disconnect: Focusing on recent EU legislation (Part I). Wan Kuo Law Review, (250), 55–72. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=15606473-N202308110006-00005
30) Rennie Naidoo(2018).Role stress and turnover intentions among information technology personnel in South Africa : the role of supervisor support.SA Journal of Human Resource Management,Vol.16,No1.
31) Seashore, S. E., & Taber, T. D.(1975).Job satisfaction indicators and their correlates. American behavioral scientist, , 333-368.
32) Sorensen, G., Pirie, P.L., Folsom, A.R., Luepker, R.V., Jacobs, D.R., & Gillum, R.F. (1985). Sex differences in the relationship between work and health: the Minnesota Heart Survey. Journal of health and social behavior, 26 4, 379-94 .
33) Spector, P.E., & Jex, S.M. (1998). Development of four self-report measures of job stressors and strain: Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale, Organizational Constraints Scale, Quantitative Workload Inventory, and Physical Symptoms Inventory. Journal of occupational health psychology, 3 4, 356-367 .
34) Sutherland, V. J., & Cooper, C. L. (1990). Understanding stress: A psychological perspective for health professionals. London: Chapman & Hall.
35) Siegrist, J. (1996). Adverse health effects of high-effort/low-reward conditions. Journal of occupational health psychology, 1(1), 27.
36) Tsai, C.-Y., Huang, L.-Z., & Yeh, S.-J. (2003). A study of organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior among nursing personnel. Show Chwan Medical Journal, 4(1), 35–45. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=15610497-200301-4-1-35-45-a
37) Urbane, M. (2022). The future of the employee’s right to disconnect in the European Union and Latvia. In Proceedings of 13th AHFE International Conference on Human Factors, Business Management and Society. AHFE International.
38) Wan, W.-L. (2004). The application of in-depth interviews in qualitative research.
39) Wen, S.-S. (2006). Dictionary of psychology. Taipei, Taiwan: Sanmin Book Company.
40) Wolgast, A., Fischer, N. You are not alone: colleague support and goal-oriented cooperation as resources to reduce teachers’ stress. Soc Psychol Educ 20, 97–114 (2017).
41) Yu, T.-C., Shi, Y.-H., & Li, C.-H. (2023). The Taipei City Department of Labor announces the implementation of the “Guidelines for the Protection of Labor Conditions for Home-Based Work in Taipei City.” Lee and Li Bulletin, 2023(4), 7–9. https://www-airitilibrary-com.autorpa.lib.ccu.edu.tw:8443/Article/Detail?DocID=P20201214002-N202305130002-00006
42) Zeuge, A., Lemmer, K., Klesel, M., Kordyaka, B., Jahn, K., & Niehaves, B. (2023). To be or not to be stressed: Designing autonomy to reduce stress at work. Work, 75(4), 1199-1213.
43) Zhang, C.-X. (1989). Chang’s dictionary of psychology. Taipei, Taiwan: Tunghua Book Company.
44) Zhang, X.-Q. (2015). A study on the identification of employment relationships for part-time assistants in higher education institutions (Master’s thesis). National Chengchi University.
Cite this Article:Han, C. C., & Wu, C. H. (2026). The Impact of the Right to Disconnect on Job Stress and Job Satisfaction: A Case Study of Part-Time Research Assistants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE HUMANITY & MANAGEMENT RESEARCHS, 5(3), 472-483. https://doi.org/10.58806/ijsshmr.2026.v5i3n06