¹Prof. Lalbiakdiki Hnamte, ²Lalrochami Ralte, ³Vasty Lalthanpuii, ⁴F. Zonunmawii, ⁵TC Rakil Ramhmachhuani

^1,2,3,4,5Research Scholars, Department of Education, Mizoram University

DOI : https://doi.org/10.58806/ijsshmr.2025.v4i3n10

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ABSTRACT

Higher education is the post-secondary phase of education, offering specialized and advanced academic programs in various fields. It is crucial for career advancement and contributes to research and innovation. Higher education promotes critical thinking, problem-solving, and personal growth by encouraging exploration and exposing individuals to diverse cultures and viewpoints. India's higher education system has a rich history dating back to ancient times, with institutions like Nalanda and Vikramashila attracting scholars and students from Asia. The colonial period introduced Western-style universities, while post-independence (1947) saw the establishment of Indian Institutes of Technology and Indian Institutes of Management. The 1990s saw economic liberalization in India, leading to a surge of private universities and enhanced collaboration between Indian and foreign institutions. Recent years have seen a renewed commitment to improving the quality of higher education in India, addressing issues of access, affordability, and curriculum relevance. Today, India's higher education landscape is vast and diverse, featuring numerous universities, colleges, and specialized institutions offering a wide array of programs. Comparing various educational policies of the Indian government since independence, particularly in the context of higher education, helps understand the evolution and challenges within the system.

KEYWORDS:

NPE 1968, NPE 1986, NEP 2020, Higher Education.

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VOlUME 04 ISSUE 03 MARCH 2025